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							<h1>客語教程 · 第一單元</h1>
							<h2>第八節：客語拼音結構</h2>
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							<h1>一、客語拼音結構</h1>
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								<h2 class="grammar_group_name">基本结构</h2>
								<div class="grammar_content">
									<p>到這裏，我們已經學完了客語的元音、輔音、和聲調。這一節主要的目標是，把之前學習的知識都串聯起來，掌握客語的拼音結構。</p>
									<p>客語的拼音結構有兩種：</p>
									<p><b>1、完整的音節 =（輔音）+（介音）+ 元音 +（輔音或元音）+ 調值</p>
									<p>2、完整的音節 = 鼻音 + 調值</b></p>
									<p>其中，帶有括號的部分是可有可無的，而不帶括號的部分（也就是“元音”、“鼻音”）則是必須有的。“介音”之前沒有介紹過，其實就是“u”、“i”、“y”這三個音。比如，在普通話中，“觀點”這個詞語的拼音是“guan
										dian”，其中“u”和“i”就是介音了。客語中的所有的漢字拼音，都必須符合上面的結構。接下來我們舉一些例子說明。</p>


									<div class="grammar_table">
										<table cellspacing="0">
											<tr>
												<th>漢字</th>
												<th>拼音</th>
												<th>聲母</th>
												<th>韻母</th>
												<th>調值</th>
												<th>結構類型</th>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>啊</td>
												<td>a<sup>44</sup></td>
												<td>無</td>
												<td>a</td>
												<td>44</td>
												<td>元音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>爾</td>
												<td>ngi<sup>31</sup></td>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td>i</td>
												<td>31</td>
												<td>輔音 + 元音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>𠊎</td>
												<td>ngai<sup>24</sup></td>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td>ai</td>
												<td>24</td>
												<td>輔音 + 元音 + 元音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>念</td>
												<td>ngiam<sup>53</sup></td>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td>iam</td>
												<td>53</td>
												<td>輔音 + 介音 + 元音 + 輔音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>龍</td>
												<td>liung<sup>24</sup></td>
												<td>l</td>
												<td>iung</td>
												<td>24</td>
												<td>輔音 + 介音 + 元音 + 輔音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>一</td>
												<td>id<sup>1</sup></td>
												<td>無</td>
												<td>it</td>
												<td>31</td>
												<td>元音 + 輔音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>二</td>
												<td>nji<sup>53</sup></td>
												<td>nj</td>
												<td>i</td>
												<td>53</td>
												<td>輔音 + 元音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>三</td>
												<td>sam<sup>44</sup></td>
												<td>s</td>
												<td>am</td>
												<td>44</td>
												<td>輔音 + 元音 + 輔音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>四</td>
												<td>si<sup>53</sup></td>
												<td>s</td>
												<td>i</td>
												<td>53</td>
												<td>輔音 + 元音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>五</td>
												<td>ng<sup>31</sup></td>
												<td>無</td>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td>31</td>
												<td>鼻音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>六</td>
												<td>liug<sup>1</sup></td>
												<td>l</td>
												<td>iug</td>
												<td>1</td>
												<td>輔音 + 介音 + 元音 + 輔音 + 調值</td>
											</tr>
										</table>
									</div>

								</div>
							</div>

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							<h1>二、客語聲母表</h1>
						</div>
						<div class="grammar_box">

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								<h2 class="grammar_group_name">客語聲母表</h2>
								<div class="grammar_content">
									<div class="grammar_table">
										<table cellspacing="0">
											<tr>
												<th>類別</th>
												<th>不送氣</th>
												<th>送氣</th>
												<th>鼻音</th>
												<th>清擦音</th>
												<th>濁擦音</th>
												<th>邊音</th>
												<th>聲門音</th>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>唇音</td>
												<td>b</td>
												<td>p</td>
												<td>m</td>
												<td>f</td>
												<td>v</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>舌尖中音</td>
												<td>d</td>
												<td>t</td>
												<td>n</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td>l</td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>舌根音</td>
												<td>g</td>
												<td>k</td>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td>h</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>舌葉音、舌面中音</td>
												<td>zh</td>
												<td>ch</td>
												<td>nj</td>
												<td>sh</td>
												<td>r</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>舌尖前音</td>
												<td>z</td>
												<td>c</td>
												<td></td>
												<td>s</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
										</table>
									</div>


								</div>
							</div>

						</div>
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						<div class="course_title">
							<h1>三、客語韻母表</h1>
						</div>
						<div class="grammar_box">

							<!-- 组 -->
							<div class="grammar_group">

								<h2 class="grammar_group_name">客語韻母表</h2>
								<div class="grammar_content">
									<div class="grammar_table">
										<table cellspacing="0">
											<tr>
												<td>ii</td>
												<td>i</td>
												<td>u</td>
												<td>iu</td>
												<td>ui</td>
												<td>y</td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>a</td>
												<td>ia</td>
												<td>ua</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ai</td>
												<td>iai</td>
												<td>uai</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>au</td>
												<td>iau</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>am</td>
												<td>iam</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>an</td>
												<td>ian</td>
												<td>uan</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ang</td>
												<td>iang</td>
												<td>uang</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ab</td>
												<td>iab</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ad</td>
												<td>iad</td>
												<td>uad</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ag</td>
												<td>iag</td>
												<td>uag</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>e</td>
												<td>ie</td>
												<td>ue</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ei</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>eu</td>
												<td>ieu</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>en</td>
												<td>ien</td>
												<td>uen</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>eng</td>
												<td>ieng</td>
												<td>ueng</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>eb</td>
												<td>ieb</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ed</td>
												<td>ied</td>
												<td>ued</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>eg</td>
												<td>ieg</td>
												<td>ueg</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>o</td>
												<td>io</td>
												<td>uo</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>oi</td>
												<td>ioi</td>
												<td>uoi</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ou</td>
												<td>iou</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>on</td>
												<td>ion</td>
												<td>uon</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ong</td>
												<td>iong</td>
												<td>uong</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>od</td>
												<td>iod</td>
												<td>uod</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>og</td>
												<td>iog</td>
												<td>uog</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>m</td>
												<td>im</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>n</td>
												<td>in</td>
												<td>un</td>
												<td>iun</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td>ng</td>
												<td>ing</td>
												<td>ung</td>
												<td>iung</td>
												<td>uing</td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td></td>
												<td>ib</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td></td>
												<td>id</td>
												<td>ud</td>
												<td>iud</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
											<tr>
												<td></td>
												<td>ig</td>
												<td>ug</td>
												<td>iug</td>
												<td></td>
												<td></td>
											</tr>
										</table>
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